Frequency and Factors Associated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a major health concern globally, especially among individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The coexistence of NAFLD and T2DM significantly increases the risk of liver fibrosis, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease, contributing to overall morbidity and mortality. Objective: This study aims to assess the frequency, risk factors, and complications associated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease among patients diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in a tertiary care setting. Methods: 150 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus at tertiary care hospital Quetta participated in a qualitative study. Purposive sampling was utilised in the selection of participants. With an emphasis on clinical history, lifestyle factors, and comorbidities, information was acquired through semi-structured interviews and reviews of medical records. To examine the data, thematic analysis was used. Results: It was discovered that over 50% of patients had non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia, poor glycaemic management, and a sedentary lifestyle were the most prevalent risk factors. Among patients with NAFLD, cardiovascular and renal problems were also common. Conclusion: To guarantee early intervention and stop the development of serious consequences, screening for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease should be a regular component of managing type 2 diabetes mellitus.