Pediatric pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma: A case report and comprehensive literature review

Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma (PSP) is an extremely rare lung tumor, primarily observed in middle-aged women, with pediatric cases being exceptionally uncommon. This case report discusses a 10-year-old Saudi girl who was diagnosed with PSP following a prolonged episode of chest pain and a history of lobar pneumonia. On clinical examination, reduced air entry was noted on the right side of the chest. Laboratory tests revealed mild thrombocytosis, an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and increased levels of lactate dehydrogenase. Imaging studies uncovered a mass in the right middle lobe of the lung, and a subsequent biopsy confirmed the PSP diagnosis. The patient is currently under conservative management, with observation, and no surgical intervention has been planned. This case emphasizes the diagnostic difficulties associated with PSP in pediatric patients and highlights the importance of including this rare condition in the differential diagnosis when faced with persistent pulmonary abnormalities in children.