CASE OF EARLY PUBERTAL DEVELOPMENT IN A 3-YEAR-OLD GIRL: CONSIDERING RARE PERIPHERAL CAUSES

Ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors, particularly Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor (SLCT), are uncommon, especially in pediatric populations. A typical presentation of these tumors includes precocious pseudopuberty, characterized by hormonal changes. This type of tumor poses a significant challenge for clinicians in terms of diagnosis and treatment.We describe the case of a 03-year-old girl who was admitted to our clinic for investigation and management of premature breast development and pubic hair growth over a two-month period, with the presence of an abdominal mass on clinical examination. Biological, radiological and histological examinations were in favour of SLCT. Although idiopathic causes account for the majority of precocious puberty cases in girls, significant etiologies such as ovarian tumors, including SLCT, should be considered. Early recognition and accurate diagnosis are crucial for appropriate management and improved outcomes. The prognosis of Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors is excellent for well-differentiated forms diagnosed early but more guarded for advanced or poorly differentiated cases, which may require additional therapies.