Development of student psychomotor skill assessment based on performance in service and maintenance of motorcycles with electronic fuel injection: A case study in automotive engineering students

Introduction: The present study proposes to develop a psychomotor skill evaluation instrument for servicing and maintenance of motorcycles equipped with electronic fuel injection (EFI). The instrument is designed based on the operational procedure for a motorcycle. The result is the assessment of students' psychomotor abilities. Methods: The development procedure was conducted utilizing the research and development framework. The development guideline was derived from Borg and Gall, which we condensed into six steps. To assess the validity and reliability of the instrument, Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) was employed. Results: The developed psychomotor skill instrument is categorized as valid, practical, and reliable for assessing students' psychomotor skills. Examination revealed that students' performance was inconsistent with respect to standard operating procedures, resulting in findings that failed to meet employment requirements. This study involved two students who, after getting additional instruction, enhanced their work processes and therefore improved their psychomotor skills. Conclusions: The implemented instruments provide valid, reliable, and useful categories for assessing students' psychomotor skills. This measure may evaluate students' ability to integrate cognitive outcomes into psychomotor skills.