THE ROLE OF IMMUNOLOGICALLY BASED DIETS IN THE TRITMENT OF ULCERATIVE COLITIS

The inclusion of additional immune factors in the pathogenetic mechanisms of inflammatory bowel diseases that occur during the formation of food immunization can enhance the manifestations of the disease and contribute to its progression. The purpose of the study: to show the effectiveness of immunologically based diets in patients with ulcerative colitis based on the exclusion of food antigens from the diet of patients, which are a source of food sensitization. Materials and methods: food sensitization was studied in 180 patients with diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and 25 healthy adults. Hypersensitivity reactions to food antigens were detected in all subjects, including healthy individuals, in proportion to the severity of the disease (the highest number in patients with ulcerative colitis, the lowest in healthy individuals, p<0.05). The effectiveness of a hypoallergenic diet was studied in patients with ulcerative colitis. The study involved 60 patients receiving standard medical treatment. In the first group of patients (n=30), an individual specific elimination hypoallergenic diet selected by a laboratory method was used as dietary therapy, excluding from the diet those foods to whose antigens type I, III and IV hypersensitivity reactions were detected, as well as non-food allergens coming from food (the main group of patients). The patients in the comparison group (n=30) received a standard table with mechanical and chemical sparing, namely, a standard table with a Pevsner subgroup No. 4 during exacerbation, and a table 2 during remission. Results of the study: patients with ulcerative colitis showed a high degree of sensitization to food antigens. The elimination of food allergens from the patients' diet contributed to significantly faster relief of clinical symptoms, restoration of laboratory and endoscopic parameters than in the comparison group, as well as preservation of the results obtained during the 4-year follow-up period. Conclusion: an individual (personalized) elimination diet that restricts the intake of food allergens, selected in a laboratory manner, promotes clinical, laboratory, endoscopic and immunological remission of ulcerative colitis.