Diversity of butterfly species (Order: Lepidoptera) in riparian ecosystems of Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, Indonesia

Abstract. Fahlefi AR, Prasetya KN, Firdhausi NF, Bahri S. 2024. Diversity of butterfly species (Order: Lepidoptera) in riparian ecosystems of Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, Indonesia. Intl J Bonorowo Wetlands 14: 66-73. The existence of Bromo Tengger Semeru National (BTSN) Park, Indonesia is of utmost importance, as the function of the national park is to manage, convert, and preserve all flora and fauna and protect all ecosystems within the National Park Area. Forest fires have unfortunately occurred in Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, leading to the destruction of several areas and causing habitat loss for various species, such as butterflies. This study, therefore, holds significant value as it aims to identify and analyze the diversity of butterfly species (Order: Lepidoptera) in BTSN Park Area, Indonesia, using the transect method combined with the Visual Encounter Survey method. The research location was divided into five locations: Ireng-ireng Area, Ranu Pani, Ranu Regulo, Ranu Darungan, and Trisula Riverbank; the measurement of factors supporting the presence of butterflies, such as temperature, humidity, and light intensity. Based on the research conducted, 46 butterfly species were found, with a total of 465 individuals from 5 families. Of the 46 species, 9 species were found to be endemic species and protected species. To determine the value of butterfly species diversity, it is calculated using the Shannon-Wiener diversity index. The results of the index analysis obtained from the five locations are: (Location 1) diversity index H'=3.32, (Location 2) diversity index H'=1.21, (Location 3) diversity index H'=1.39, (Location 4) diversity index H'=1.91, (Location 5) diversity index H'=2.55. These findings are crucial for understanding and conserving the biodiversity of this unique national park.