Advances in Cardiac Resynchronisation Therapy

Cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) has emerged as a transformative treatment in heart failure management, particularly for patients with significant left ventricular systolic dysfunction in the context of electrical dyssynchrony. Over time, CRT has evolved to address broader patient populations and more complex clinical scenarios. Despite its well-documented benefits in improving survival, reducing hospitalisation and enhancing quality of life, approximately 30% of patients fail to respond, making ongoing research critical for optimising outcomes. This review provides a comprehensive update on the evolving landscape of CRT therapy. Focus is placed on expanding indications, novel assessment techniques for dyssynchrony, application in special populations and innovations in device programming.