Knowledge Map-Based Analysis of Carbon Sequestration Research Dynamics in Forest and Grass Systems: A Bibliometric Analysis

Forest and grass systems are globally significant carbon-sequestering ecosystems, crucial for mitigating climate change and optimizing ecological management. To clarify the research history, major contributing groups, and research hotspots related to carbon sequestration in global forest and grass systems, this study utilizes the core ensemble of the Web of Science database as its data source. Employing bibliometric methodology and software, such as VOSviewer 1.6.20 and CiteSpace 5.7.R1, we analyzed the development of 594 relevant publications from 2010 to 2024, focusing on their developmental lineage, research groups, current research status, and visualizing and analyzing research hotspots and frontiers. The results indicate that the volume of the literature on carbon sequestration in forest and grass systems generally follows the pattern of a logistic growth curve, demonstrating an upward trend from 2010 to 2024. The primary contributors consist of 400 researchers, including Nath, Arun Jyoti, and Ajit, as well as 378 research organizations across 42 countries, including China, the USA, and India. China’s contribution to this field is rapidly increasing, accounting for over 20% of the total articles, with ‘Chinese Acad Sci’ and ‘Univ Chinese Acad Sci’ being the most prominent contributors, together representing 10.45% of the total publications in this field. The 179 journals, including Agroforestry Systems and Forests, serve as a significant platform for academic exchange in the development of this field. The predominant research directions are found in the areas of ‘Environmental Sciences & Ecology’ and ‘Agriculture’, which collectively account for over 50% of the publications. Additionally, research focused on ‘Sequestration’ is increasingly examining the relationship between carbon sequestration in forest and grassland systems and factors such as climate change, ecosystem productivity, and biodiversity. The keyword clusters ‘#0 ferralsol’ and ‘#4 forest ecosystem’ have consistently represented important research directions throughout this period. A total of 21 keywords were identified, with ‘land use change’ exhibiting the highest intensity at 4.4524. Future research should not only prioritize the integration of the impacts of global climate change but also enhance collaboration among authors and institutions. Furthermore, it is essential to promote multidisciplinary and cross-regional collaborative innovations by leveraging emerging technologies such as AI and genetic engineering.