BIM-Based Framework for Photovoltaic Systems: Advancing Technologies, Overcoming Challenges, and Enhancing Sustainable Building Performance

Building-integrated photovoltaic systems (BIPVs) is a strategy to achieve energy self-sufficiency in buildings. However, photovoltaic (PV) energy production presents challenges due to its intermittent nature, characterized by variations and uncertainties associated with solar radiation and interference from the building’s surroundings. Therefore, building information modeling (BIM) enables energy simulations and solar performance analyses during the design phase of buildings. In this context, this paper aims to identify the key strategies for integrating BIM and photovoltaic energy production systems and how these approaches support the development of sustainable projects. A systematic literature review was conducted, combined with bibliometric analysis, content analysis, and coding of 63 articles. Results indicate an annual research growth rate of 19.62%, with contributions from 268 authors and an international co-authorship rate of 22.22%. Core research trends in the BIM-PV context were identified through thematic maps, highlighting four dimensions—BIPV applications, parametric tools for energy simulation, challenges, and potential benefits—divided into 32 codes. The findings are synthesized into four theoretical propositions structured in an integrative framework. Additionally, five key applications of BIM-PV integration are mapped, along with their addressed problems and the limitations in establishing theoretical and managerial contributions.