Beyond Hearing: Advanced English Language Learners' Journey Through Cognitive and Metacognitive Listening Strategy Training

Abstract This study aimed to develop and evaluate a cognitive and metacognitive listening strategy training program (LSTP) and examine its effects on the listening strategies of advanced English learners in Türkiye. The main research question explored whether the LSTP could enhance learners' use of cognitive and metacognitive listening strategies. After a promising pilot study, the primary study involved 10 participants, using grounded theory methodology. Data were collected through pre- and post-tests, student interviews, video recordings of instructional sessions, and weekly student diaries. Findings revealed that students significantly improved their understanding and application of cognitive and metacognitive strategies, with the LSTP fostering greater strategy use to strengthen listening skills. The program also heightened participants' awareness of declarative, procedural, and conditional knowledge. This study has practical implications for English language educators and curriculum designers, suggesting that structured strategy training can support learners in developing effective listening skills, promoting autonomy, and enhancing language proficiency. While particularly useful for advanced learners, the approach may also benefit intermediate students facing complex listening tasks. Overall, these findings support a more comprehensive language learning environment, equipping students with strategies transferable across varied contexts.