Value-led fusion technology: A framework for guiding fusion commercialisation strategy

A value-led perspective is proposed as a basis for optimising development of commercial fusion technologies. Strategic consequences are outlined, including recommendations for maximising the value generated by global research programmes in aggregate. Specifically: A wide variety of small devices, capable of delivering heat, should be all explored as soon as possible, in parallel, and likely with considerably larger funding efforts than are exerted today. To maximise these uncertain benefits brought by a potential, future fusion industry, comprehensive measures of value should be embedded within decision and design processes — from national strategies to individual device components. • Maximising social returns of fusion technology demands strategic change. • Risk should be optimised, not minimised, by pursuing multiple devices at scale. • Devices should be small, quick to build, and aim to sell heat. • Roadmaps should either be abandoned or front-loaded with risk. • Value measures should be embedded and comprehensive — including time, risk and volume.