Effect of Solanum Melongena Peel Extracts on Glucose Level and Biochemical Parameters in Alloxan-Diabetic Mice

Background: Natural compounds are safe and commonly used in medicine. Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that is widely spread in the world. Natural products can decrease blood sugar levels. This effect controls the pancreas and metabolic pathways. Objectives: The aim of this research is to extract effective compounds from eggplant peels and study their effects on blood glucose levels, lipid profiles, kidney function, and liver enzymes in diabetic mice. Methods: In this study, crude extract and some natural products such as oils, polyphenols, and anthocyanins were isolated. These extracts were identified by gas chromatography (GC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Some parameters were measured, such as glucose, urea, creatinine, triglyceride (TG), high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-c), alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lipase, and atherogenic index in male diabetic mice. Results: The results showed the presence of many fatty acids, polyphenols, and anthocyanin compounds in eggplant peels. A significant effect on lipid profiles, glucose, creatinine, and lipase was found after ten days of treatment in diabetic mice with the aforementioned extracts. In contrast, a nonsignificant effect was noted in HDL-c and urea levels with oil and polyphenol extracts. Nevertheless, these extracts had no effect on AST and ALT levels. Conclusion: In this study, the effects of these extracts were found to be mixed. However, they demonstrated beneficial effects on blood glucose, creatinine levels, and lipid profiles. These extracts may help reduce the severity of diabetes or its complications. No clear effect was observed in liver function tests.