RISK FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH SMALL FOR GESTATIONAL AGE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Background: Small for Gestational Age is a significant public health concern in India, contributing to increased neonatal morbidity and mortality due to increased risks of perinatal complications and adverse long-term health outcomes. This study was conducted to identify risk factors associated with SGA. Methods: A hospital based case control study was conducted in Private Medical college and Hospital, Chennai, India, with a sample size of 120 pregnant women delivering babies in the hospital. Data was collected through pretested questionnaire regarding maternal characteristics, obstetric history, and pregnancy complications. Results: The study identified low maternal weight gain (OR: 1.821, p=0.024), primiparity (OR: 1.038, p=0.032), pregnancy-induced hypertension and anemia as significant risk factors for SGA. Conclusion: The findings suggest that focused interventions on maternal nutrition, early detection and management of hypertension and anemia, and targeted support for first-time mothers could contribute to a reduction in SGA incidence, thereby improving neonatal health outcomes.