Transforming Aquatic Food Systems: Advances in Sustainable Aquaculture and Fisheries, Emerging Innovations, Multifaceted Challenges, and Strategic Future Directions

The increasing demand for aquatic food necessitates a shift towards sustainable aquaculture and fisheries management to ensure long-term food security, environmental conservation, and economic stability. This review explores recent advancements in sustainable aquaculture practices, including precision aquaculture, biofloc technology, integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA), recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS), and genetic improvements in farmed species. Additionally, it highlights innovations in fisheries management, such as ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM), marine protected areas (MPAs), and advanced monitoring systems.