Comparison between green synthesized and commercial copper oxide nanopartifcles against various microorganisms and plant growth of Vigna radiata

Green extraction of metal oxide nanoparticles is gaining popularity because it uses reactants that are benign to the environment, such as microorganisms and plants. The synthesis of nanoparticles has been made possible by the use of nanotechnology and studies into their physicochemical characteristics, possible uses, and synthesis techniques has revealed information about the ecological and operational consequences of these potentially useful materials in the agricultural sector, technological devices, and health care. This study compares the properties and potential applications of commercially produced copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) with those synthesized using Carica papaya stalks, highlighting each approach's potential benefits and drawbacks. The interest of researchers has been drawn more to the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles as a result of applications in cutting-edge technologies. We studied copper oxide structure and antimicrobial properties with simple techniques. FTIR, XRD TEM, and UV–vis spectroscopy, analysis were conducted to characterize commercial and synthesized copper oxide nanoparticles. Also, this study evaluates antibacterial, anti-fungal, anti-oxidant, biofilm assay, minimum inhibitory concentration, and their phytotoxicity properties. By utilizing XRD and TEM analysis the crystalline size was found to be 3.22 nm and 3.51 nm for synthesized and commercial copper oxide nanoparticles.