Gross Motor Development Needs Analysis Getting The Idea of The Movement And Fixation Junior Male Artistic Gymnasts

The purpose of this study is to analyze the needs of gross motor development in junior male artistic gymnasts, especially related to mastering the basic skills needed in the phase of getting the idea of the movement on single bars, parallel bars, bracelets and saddle horses. The method used is a tool development experiment with a qualitative analysis approach, involving junior male gymnasts with a one group pretest postest design. The research sample amounted to 12 gymnastics athletes in Central Java. Data were collected through motor skill tests and gymnast motivation through psychomotor tests that were tested for validity and reliability. Qualitative analysis based on literature review and case studies of motor development of gymnastics athletes based on age. The results showed that the use of artistic gymnastics equipment had a significant effect on the mastery of gross motor movement skills in junior male artistic gymnasts. In young athletes, between 8-13 years of age, the focus of training is more on basic motor development and strengthening muscle stability, not significantly increasing muscle mass. Entering the age category 14-18 years, athletes begin to experience more significant physical changes due to the influence of puberty. The anthropometric characteristics of athletes under 17 years of age are strongly influenced by the rapid growth phase, especially during puberty. Postural growth in athletes under 17 years old tends to vary depending on when they enter puberty. In boys, the growth spurt usually occurs between 12-15 years of age, while in girls between 10-13 years of age.It was concluded that hand reach and certain parts of the circling movement have common characteristics that are roughly described by the minimum torque change criterion. Optimization constraints were classified into anatomical/physiological; limiting the maximum hand force on the saddle handle before dismounting, maximum joint range of motion and torque, muscle activation/deactivation time and 2-geometry; avoiding contact with the saddle, and requiring minimum landing distance. Suggestions for future research include expanding the study to include a larger sample, which may provide greater statistical power to support research findings in the field of artistic gymnastics equipment for junior gymnasts.