Leveling Junior High School Students' Geometry Spatial Ability in Solving Problems on Flat-Sided Space Structures

The gradation of junior high school students’ spatial geometry abilities is a process of identification, which includes visualizing abilities, understanding of space and shape, understanding of spatial relations, and the ability to solve geometric problems. This study provides an overview of the spatial geometry abilities of grade IX students on the material of flat-sided spatial figures. This is a qualitative descriptive research with data collection procedures consisting of instrument validation, written tests, and in-depth interviews. The subjects of the study were grade IX students of Semarang City Junior High Schools. The results of the empirical study with assessment standards based on spatial indicators, namely spatial perception, spatial visualization, mental rotation, spatial relations, and spatial orientation are as follows: students can recognize and describe simple flat and spatial figures (observation), draw geometric figures from oral or text descriptions (application), imagine shapes and visualize the manipulation of objects in space (analysis), apply geometric concepts to solve problems in real-world contexts, such as spatial planning or design (synthesis and evaluation), develop projects that combine geometric concepts with other fields, such as art or architecture (Innovation), observe and identify the shapes found in the picture, transform twodimensional objects into three-dimensional objects, identify various forms of geometric shapes in buildings in the surrounding environment, combine elements of geometric shapes based on their spatiality, and represent the final shape of the object accurately and correctly.