Experimental and Numerical Study on Mechanical Performance of Half-Tenon Beam–Column Joint Under Different Reinforcement of Energy Dissipation Plate and Steel Sleeve

Two types of reinforcing the half-tenon wood joints, one reinforced with an energy dissipation plate (SW-1) and the other by a steel sleeve with energy dissipation plate (SW-2), were designed. The pure wood beam–column joint specimen SW-0, specimen SW-1 and specimen SW-2 were experimented by the monotonic loading test, and the corresponding failure mode of joints and load–displacement curve were obtained. Based on the reliability of the verified finite element numerical model, the impact of thickness of the energy dissipation plate on the seismic performance of the SW-2 joint was analyzed. The research results show that the SW-0 and SW-1 joints exhibited significant tenon pulling phenomena, while the SW-2 joint did not show this phenomenon. The initial stiffness of the joints is significantly improved after reinforcement, and the initial stiffness of the SW-1 and SW-2 specimens is 2.64 and 7.24 times that of the SW-0 specimen, respectively. The ultimate loads of specimens SW-0, SW-1 and SW-2 are, respectively, 2.8 kN, 6.2 kN and 24.9 kN. The enclosed area of hysteresis loop and the slope of skeleton curve gradually increase as the thickness of the energy dissipation plate increases, resulting in a significant enhancement in energy dissipation capacity. The ultimate bearing capacity of the joint and the slope of skeleton curve exhibit negligible variation when the thickness of energy dissipation plate exceeds 2.0 mm, and the corresponding optimal thickness is obtained as 2 mm.