Optimizing amplification threshold of low template <scp>DNA</scp>

Forensic DNA laboratories often face challenges in processing low template DNA samples efficiently. This study aimed to optimize the criteria for amplifying low-quantity samples by considering DNA concentration, degradation factor, and biological sample type. We analyzed 155 real forensic case samples with DNA concentrations between 5 and 14.3 pg/μL using the PowerPlex® ESI 16 Fast System. Samples were categorized based on DNA concentration, degradation index, and predicted success rate. We found that 27% of profiles were informative, with higher success rates for samples with DNA concentrations above 10 pg/μL and degradation index below 3. By implementing these empirically established thresholds, laboratories can potentially reduce workload by 32% while retaining 83% of informative profiles in low template samples. This approach can help forensic laboratories balance the need for comprehensive evidence processing with resource constraints.