Composition of the pretreatment solvent and the structural features of substrates and chitinases influence the bioconversion of α-chitin

Auxiliary domains in chitinases play a significant role in the hydrolysis of chitin and chitooligosaccharides (COS). Pretreatment of α-chitin, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis, considerably enhanced the production of COS with a lower degree of polymerization (DP). We studied the effect of pretreatment solvent composition (KOH-with/without-urea) on the bioconversion of α-chitin and hydrolysis of COS (DP2-6), separately by a multi-modular chitinase CsChiG and its catalytic domain (Cat-CsChiG). Temperature-dependent structural stability of CsChiG and Cat-CsChiG was analyzed using circular dichroism spectroscopy. Deletion of chitin-binding domains in CsChiG influenced the overall secondary structural elements and its thermal stability, affecting the bioconversion of treated substrates and hydrolysis of lower chain length COS. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and thermogravimetric analysis-differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA) corroborate the influence of pretreatment on the structural and thermal stabilities of the pretreated substrates. It is, therefore, concluded that the composition of the pretreatment solvent and structural features of the substrates and modules in the chitinases influence the bioconversion of α-chitin, especially the composition of COS.