Single-point multicenter survey of using antimicrobial drugs in the ICUs of Russian multidisciplinary hospitals: results of the Global-PPS 2022 project

Introduction. The marked increase in the resistance of infectious disease pathogens to antimicrobial drugs (AMDs), especially in intensive care units (ICUs), poses a threat to healthcare systems worldwide. This leads to adverse consequences: medical, social and economic. The objective was to evaluate the practice of AMDs using in the ICUs of Russian multidisciplinary hospitals based on its compliance with quality indicators. Materials and Methods. Single-point survey of AMDs using was conducted in 37 ICUs of various types in 12 multidisciplinary hospitals in different cities of the Russian Federation (Krasnoyarsk, Moscow (4 centres), Omsk, Saratov, Smolensk (2 centres), Tomsk, Yakutsk and Yaroslavl). The study was conducted in accordance with the protocol of international Global-PPS project from September to December 2022. The object of the study was the medical records of patients who received systemic AMDs for preventive or curative purposes. The practice of AMDs using was studies as well as the assessment of the prescription compliance with the quality indicators. Results. The survey included 501 patients of whom 314 (62.7%) received systemic AMDs. The frequency of AMDs prescription ranged from 24% in cardiac ICUs to 86.9% in surgical ICUs and reached 100% in paediatric departments. The vast majority of drugs were used for therapeutic purposes (74.3%–89.3%) and were prescribed for the treatment of nosocomial infections (71.6% on the average). Carbapenems (20.6%), third-generation cephalosporins (13.1%) and fluoroquinolones (11.6%) prevailed in the structure of prescriptions. Conclusion. The following accuracies in AMDs using were identified during our study: low frequency of etiotropic therapy, inappropriate duration of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis and relatively low frequency of planning the duration of therapy. These accuracies provide an opportunity to optimize the practice of using drugs of this group in ICUs of hospitals participating in the study.