Combinatorial Optimization Algorithms in Tourism Planning and Emergency Management and Their Application to Resource Allocation

China’s tourism industry has become a strategic pillar industry in China, playing an important role in developing the economy and providing employment. Therefore, how can we avoid or reduce the hazards of tourism emergencies and give full play to the development advantages that tourism brings to the city has become the focus of this paper. In this paper, the objective function is used to construct a two-stage stochastic optimization model without opportunity constraints to minimize the partial cost of the first stage and the expected total cost of the second stage. Considering the problem of maximizing the utilization rate of emergency shelters in tourist attractions, the opportunity constraint model is introduced to help decision makers allocate resources reasonably. Based on the center siting cost and vehicle distribution cost, a mixed integer nonlinear objective function model is constructed and the model is solved using the improved ant colony algorithm. Seven emergency management simulation scenarios are set up to analyze the effect of emergency management by combining simulation and empirical research. The experimental results show that among the emergencies at all levels of the sites in Y scenic area in the past 5 years, the number of level 2 emergencies is the highest, and the average number of emergencies occurred in each site in the past 5 years is 7.48. According to the model’s solution of the site selection results, the emergency center A covers 5 distribution warehouses, and the emergency center B covers 10 distribution warehouses.