Development of Worksheet Based on Problem Based Learning (PBL) to Improve Critical Thinking Skills

Critical thinking skills are one of the important aspects in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 and 21st century learning. However, these skills are still relatively low in students. The lack of learning resources that can improve critical thinking skills is a major obstacle. One solution that can be applied is the use of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model. This study aims to develop Student Activity Sheets (Worksheet) based on PBL to improve critical thinking skills. The method used is Research and Development (R&D) with the ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) development model. The subjects of the study were grade VII students of Nurul Iman Integrated Islamic Middle School in Banjar Agung. The research instruments included validation sheets, student response questionnaires, critical thinking skills tests, and observation and interview guidelines. Data analysis used the Miles & Huberman theory which includes data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of the study showed that the PBL-based Worksheet developed had very good quality based on validation by material experts with an average score of 137.5 and validation by media experts with an average score of 100.5. Students' responses to the practicality of Worksheet are classified as good with an average score of 80. The effectiveness test using the Paired Sample T-Test showed a significant difference between the pretest and posttest scores, with an increase in critical thinking skills of 41% (moderate category). Based on the results of the study, PBL-based Worksheet is effective in improving critical thinking skills. It is recommended for educators to integrate this Worksheet into learning. Further research can examine its effectiveness at other levels or integrate technology in its development.