Stereochemical insights into functionalized triazoles: applications of NMR and quantum chemistry

The stereochemistry of tautomeric functionalized azoles is a challenge for theoretical research, since the correct interpretation of the chemical behaviour and biological activity of these compounds depends on understanding the factors that determine the structural features and relative stability of their tautomers. Due to their physicochemical properties, 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazoles are the most promising research objects in various fields ranging from medicine, bioorganic chemistry and agrochemistry to materials science. This review is the first in-depth analysis of data on the structure and stereochemical features of functionalized 1,2,3-triazoles (their carbaldehydes, carbaldehydoximes, barbiturates and malononitriles), 1,2,4-triazoles and their model analogues, as well as related compounds, obtained by combined methods based on multipulse and multinuclear 1H, 13C, 15N and 29Si NMR spectroscopy and quantum chemistry calculations. <br> The bibliography includes 320 references.