Cost analysis of renewable hydrogen transmission by high-voltage electric lines and pipelines

Renewable hydrogen transmission represents a significant solution to the spatial mismatch between renewable energy sources and hydrogen loads, which is mainly realized by high-voltage electric lines and hydrogen pipelines. However, the economics of hydrogen transmission based on different systems remains unclear. This paper presents a model for calculating the levelized cost of renewable hydrogen transmission and a comparative study on the cost-effectiveness of different transmission systems. The results demonstrate that the high-voltage electric line represents a more cost-effective solution than hydrogen pipeline for a case where transmission distance is 1000 km and annual hydrogen transmission volume is 500 thousand tons.