Comparison of sodium deoxycholate and sodium dodecyl sulphate in milk fat globular membrane protein recovery

This study aims to investigate detergent sodium deoxycholate (SDC) and sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) treatments, with a focus on each detergent's ability to enhance the extraction of immune-related proteins from camel milk fat globular membrane. Milk was separated into cream and skimmed milk. The cream was then treated using 0.4 % SDS, 2 % SDC, 6 % SDC or 10 % SDC. Extracted proteins were trypsin digested and analysed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Higher SDC concentrations (6 % and 10 %) resulted in marginal improvements in protein identification (44 unique protein groups). Protein abundance distributions showed minimal differences across treatments. However, weighted gene correlation network analysis highlighted an overrepresentation of complement and coagulation cascade proteins in modules positively correlated with the aforementioned treatment order. Gene set enrichment analysis further revealed that 10 % SDC significantly enriched complement and coagulation cascade proteins and showed comparable enrichment of other immune pathways relative to the alternative detergent treatments applied. • Camel milk that can be derived from arid climates offers unique health benefits. • The milk fat globular membrane (MFGM) proteins have bioactive potential. • Different detergents were compared for enrichment of milk immune-related proteins. • Enrichment for immune-related proteins was optimum with 10 % sodium deoxycholate. • Complement and coagulation cascade proteins dominated the immune fraction.