Compliance risks in the construction of residential buildings: a systematic literature review

Purpose Non-compliance in residential construction poses significant risks, including financial losses, reputational damage and threats to occupant safety, health and amenity. However, knowledge of compliance risks in residential construction remains fragmented. Design/methodology/approach A systematic literature review was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Searches across databases such as Scopus and Web of Science identified 41 peer-reviewed publications, which were analyzed through descriptive and content analysis methods. Findings The analysis identifies three key categories of compliance risks: (1) structural, (2) aesthetic and (3) thermal. These risks are attributed to poor workmanship, inadequate detailing of design, poor supervision and quality control, inadequate knowledge and skills, organizational culture, low-quality materials and limited knowledge sharing within and across projects. Key mitigation strategies target improvement in supervision, quality control, organizational culture, training and education, inspection processes, supplying quality material, understanding defect causation, defect prediction and learning from defects. The use of digital technologies is particularly emphasized. Other proposed measures include mandating detailed drawings and imposing warranty contracts. Practical implications The findings highlight the need for proactive measures, regulatory clarity and the integration of digital technologies in mitigating compliance risks in residential construction. Originality/value This study underscores the urgency of addressing compliance risks and offers a conceptual framework for understanding and managing these risks. Additionally, it highlights significant knowledge gaps related to thermal and broader environmental compliance risks, the role of digital technologies and cross-regional comparisons.