Ontology of passenger aviation: metric and law of development

This paper focuses on the classification of key indicators characterizing the transport capabilities of a passenger aircraft, including the transported load, flight range, and required runway length. The specified characteristics of passenger aircraft are summarized. The purpose of the article is to develop a metric for the passenger aircraft market. The paper provides a rationale for the constructed topological model of air transportation between populated areas on the Earth's surface and introduces eight classes of transportation range along with four categories of a transport row based on passenger capacity. Using the methods of information theory, eight classes of aircraft passenger capacity are identified within each transport row, and their corresponding ranges are determined. A correlation between passenger capacity classes and transportation range is established. The study reveals aviation market development patterns useful for forecasting and planning. Based on a mathematical model, the classification of passenger aviation basing conditions is examined, resulting in a runway length classification scale that closely aligns with practical standards. A method for identifying passenger aircraft in the developed three-dimensional class structure is proposed, and a metric for passenger aviation is compiled.