An integrated approach to solving planning problems in forage production

The article considers an integrated approach to solving the problem of planning the grass harvesting process, which represents the final stage of the forage production process. Automating the solution to grass harvesting planning involves scheduling the operation of agricultural forage harvesting equipment for performing technological operations. This is achieved through the synthesis of fundamentally different mathematical approaches to describing and solving scheduling theory problems under conditions of complex formalization and weak structuring of the research object. The developed approach includes ontological, logical-dynamic and fuzzy-possibility models, along with corresponding methods and algorithms. Ontologies serve as knowledge models representing interconnected processes within the subject area. Logical-dynamic models of operational-scheduling planning describe the constraints and factors present in the grass harvesting process and help determine the most optimal technological approach. Fuzzy-possibility models for strategic planning describe both qualitative and quantitative factors and processes in the considered subject area, allowing for a preliminary estimation of the resources required to solve the problem. The combination of these models provides a formal representation of the subject area, accounts for possible disturbances, and formulates grass harvesting planning as an optimal control task. A prototype decision support system has been developed to assist in planning and executing the grass harvesting process.