Cadmium and Chromium Removal Capacity of Pandan Leaves (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. Ex Lindl.) and Texas Mud Baby [Echinodosus cordifolius (L.) Griseb.]

Background: This study aimed to determine removal capacity and bioaccumulation levels of the cadmium and chromium contaminate from water samples using Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb. ex Lindl. and Echinodosus cordifolius (L.) Griseb, compared with the control groups. Methods: Technically, the concentrations of Cd and Cr in water and plants were measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. Result: In our study, the concentrations of Cd and Cr in water after removal duration 7 days, different between the control and the experimental groups was statistically significant at p less than 0.05. Interestingly, removal capacity experiment, P. amaryllifolius demonstrated the highest removal capacity for Cd and Cr, achieving 92.87% and 51.07% removal, respectively. Combined use of P. amaryllifolius and E. cordifolius showed slightly lower capacity, while E. cordifolius alone achieved the lowest removal capacity. The bioaccumulations of Cd and Cr in the E. cordifolius and P. amaryllifolius were tested. After 7 days of absorption, in the experiment accumulated the highest amount of Cd and Cr in the root more than the stem and leaf, respectively. The outcome of this study provides low cost, providing good efficiency in getting rid of HMs and being environmentally friendly.