Virtual reality and virtual worlds: a favorable setting for the preservation of cultural heritage

This article analyzes the literature regarding virtual reality (VR) and virtual worlds in cultural heritage preservation during the period 2018–2022. Through a hermeneutic review of specialized literature, key trends were identified that reveal how these technologies have evolved from visualization tools to active participation platforms. The findings reveal significant advances in the reconstruction of at-risk heritage, the documentation of intangible cultural expressions, and the creation of immersive educational experiences. However, tensions persist between technological innovation and accessibility, as well as ethical challenges surrounding the authentic representation of cultural contexts. The study highlights the need for collaborative frameworks that involve local communities in virtualization processes, ensuring that these initiatives not only preserve but also strengthen the emotional and identity-based connection with heritage. It concludes that while VR offers promising solutions, its implementation requires rigorous protocols that balance technical accuracy, social inclusion, and long-term sustainability.