CURRENT FEATURES OF THE HEPATITIS EPIDEMIC PROCESS IN THE VINNYTSIA REGION

Aim. The aim of this study is to assess the epidemiological situation regarding the incidence of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in the Vinnytsia region from 1964 to 2024, and to formulate recommendations for improving the system of preventive and anti-epidemic measures that may help reduce the incidence in the future. Materials and methods. The study is based on the analysis of statistical data on HAV incidence in the Vinnytsia region over 60 years. Epidemiological, sanitary-statistical, and serological methods were used to assess incidence and identify risk factors. Additionally, studies were conducted to detect serological markers in high-risk groups to evaluate immunity levels in the population. Data analysis involved comparing incidence trends over the years, considering socio-economic and migration factors. Results. It was found that sporadic outbreaks of hepatitis A in the Vinnytsia region are related to general socio-economic conditions, including income levels, infrastructure status, and adherence to sanitary norms. Furthermore, migration processes play an important role, as a significant proportion of cases are registered among individuals who have recently returned from regions with higher epidemic risks. Fluctuations in the incidence rate were observed in different years, with a notable increase in 2023, partly due to the worsening sanitary situation in the region, non-compliance with hygiene standards in public places, and increased internal migration. Conclusions. The study confirmed the need for improving epidemiological surveillance and monitoring, as well as implementing more effective preventive measures, such as expanding vaccination among vulnerable population groups. Special attention should be paid to children and individuals living in high-risk areas. The high level of serological prevalence among the adult population indicates a lack of immunity in most children, highlighting the need for enhanced vaccination to prevent potential epidemics in the future.