School Insecurity as Correlate of Student Mental Health and Academic Performance in Basic Education Schools in Awka Education Zone

A secure school environment is crucial for students' mental well-being and academic success. However, increasing school insecurity, including bullying, violence, and inadequate safety measures, threatens students' psychological stability and academic performance. This study examined the correlation between school insecurity, students’ mental health, and academic performance in basic education schools in Awka Education Zone, Anambra State, Nigeria. The study adopted a correlational research design, with a population of 516 students in eight upper basic schools (JSS3) in Awka North Local Government Area. A sample of 206 students, representing 40% of the total population, was selected through simple random sampling. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire, validated by experts and tested for reliability using the Cronbach alpha technique, yielding reliability indices between .81 and .83. Pearson Product Moment Correlation and Multiple Linear Regression analysis were used to test two null hypotheses at a 0.05 significance level. Findings revealed a statistically significant positive relationship between school insecurity, students’ mental health, and academic performance. The study concluded that an unsafe school environment, marked by bullying, violence, and inadequate security, contributes to stress, anxiety, and emotional instability among students. These psychological challenges negatively affect students’ concentration, engagement, and academic achievement. Based on these findings, the study recommended that school administrators and policymakers adopt a comprehensive security approach. This includes deploying trained security personnel, installing surveillance systems, and enforcing strict anti-bullying policies. These measures will foster a safer learning environment, reduce insecurity, and enhance students’ mental well-being and academic performance.