Intra-Technology Enhancements for Multi-Service Multi-Priority Short-Range V2X Communication

Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITSs) are emerging as transformative technologies, paving the way for safe and fully automated driving solutions. As the demand for autonomous vehicles accelerates, the development of advanced Radio Access Technologies capable of delivering reliable, low-latency vehicular communications has become paramount. Standardized approaches for Vehicular-to-Everything (V2X) communication often fall short in addressing the dynamic and diverse requirements of multi-service, multi-priority systems. Conventional vehicular networks employ static parameters such as Access Category (AC) in IEEE 802.11p-based ITS-G5 and Resource Reservation Interval (RRI) in C-V2X PC5 for prioritizing different V2X services. This static parameter assignment performs unsatisfactorily in dynamic and diverse requirements. To bridge this gap, we propose intelligent Multi-Attribute Decision-Making algorithms for adaptive AC selection in ITS-G5 and RRI adjustment in C-V2X PC5, tailored to the varying priorities of active V2X services. These adaptations are integrated with a priority-aware rate-control mechanism to enhance congestion management. Through extensive simulations conducted using NS3, our proposed strategies demonstrate superior performance compared to standardized methods, achieving improvements in one-way end-to-end latency, Packet Reception Ratio (PRR) and overall communication reliability.