The Characteristics and Optimization of Science and Technology Innovation Policy Mix in China’s Transportation Sector

Technology innovation is the key to accelerating the construction of a vital transportation country. Sorting out transportation technology innovation policies helps to grasp the characteristics of government attention allocation and is of great significance for optimizing transportation technology innovation governance. Taking the national level transportation technology innovation policy texts from 2012 to 2023 as samples, an LDA topic model and content analysis method were used to construct a policy mix system of “policy topic and policy instrument” to explore the tool characteristics and combination models of transportation technology innovation policies. The results indicate that the instrument structure of transportation technology innovation policies is relatively balanced, with environmental policy instruments occupying a relatively dominant position. There are four types of combination characteristics of transportation technology innovation policies: promoting the improvement of technology innovation capabilities through resource factor supply, promoting the integration of technology innovation through environmental system construction, jointly driving the generation of innovation ecology through supply and environmental instruments, and promoting collaborative development of innovation through multiple instruments balance. Finally, optimization recommendations are proposed for further precise coupling of the policy combination system.