Photocatalytic Germylation via Direct Hydrogen Atom Transfer
Comprehensive Summary An innovative visible‐light‐driven direct hydrogen atom transfer ( d ‐HAT) of Ge–H bond has been developed, wherein the photoexcited 9,10‐phenanthraquinone ( PC HAT 9 ) serves as an efficient photocatalyst for the generation of germanium‐centered radicals from germanium hydrides including Ph 3 GeH, n Bu 3 GeH, and Ph 2 GeH 2 . By employing hypervalent iodine reagents as SOMOphiles, this protocol facilitates streamlined germylation through a mechanism involving germyl radical addition followed by β‐cleavage of a carboxyl radical to yield a diverse array of ethynyl‐, vinyl‐, nitrile‐, and phenyl‐functionalized germanes. The methodological leap signifies a noteworthy departure from the previous photocatalytic indirect hydrogen atom transfer ( i ‐HAT) relying on combined usage of PC SET with abstractors, which not only advances the methodology for creating germanium radicals in a photocatalytic fashion but also provides access to structurally novel and pharmaceutically promising organogermanium compounds that are difficult to synthesize by routine methods.
Authors
- Kai Sun (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2135-0838)
- Alexander Olegovich Terent'ev (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8018-031X)
- Wenshan Wang
- Shuxia Cao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4325-5527)
- Bing Yu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2423-1212)
- Igor B. Krylov (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7138-7319)
- Yan Liu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7560-519X)
- Xiaolan Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3061-8456)
- Lingbo Qu
Institutions
- Zhengzhou University (CN)
- N.D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry (RU)
- Henan Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Henan University of Engineering (CN)
- Cotton Research Institute (CN)
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Chinese Journal of Chemistry
- Published
- 2025-04-18
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1002/cjoc.70038
- Citations
- 9
- Primary Topic
- Radical Photochemical Reactions
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 8.42
Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Henan University
- Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province
- National Key Research and Development Program of China
- Science and Technology Innovation Talents in Universities of Henan Province