Coordinated multi-objective optimization scheduling for electric vehicle swapping station cluster and grid

The electric vehicle (EV) market in China is gradually expanding, and with it the number of charging facilities. However, the challenge of long waiting time for EV charging is inevitable. EV battery swapping stations (WEP-EVBSS) that integrate wind turbine (WT), EVBSS, and photovoltaic (PV) are a good alternative because they eliminate the battery depletion caused by long waiting times and fast charging. Considering the energy demand changes of EV users in different periods, WT and PV output, and the load situation of regional power grid, a high-dimensional objective joint scheduling model of WEP-EVBSS cluster and regional power grid was established. Meanwhile, an electricity mutual assistance strategy between EVBESS is proposed to improve overall energy efficiency. Subsequently, an improved many-objective optimization algorithm based on multiple update strategies (G-MOMUS) is used to solve the model. Finally, the superiority of the WEP-EVBSS model was demonstrated through experimental results from five different cases.