Traditional to digital: human resource management transformation

Purpose Organizations are experiencing significant transformations in human resource management (HRM) due to technological advancements and digitalization. The pandemic has accelerated this transformation, making it crucial for organizational competitiveness. While firms that quickly adopt digital HRM technologies gain a competitive advantage, uncertainty remains regarding the implications and organizational impact of this transformation. This article examines the key elements of HRM digitalization. Design/methodology/approach A bibliometric analysis and the theories, constructs, characteristics and methods (TCCM) framework are used to analyze theoretical foundations, contextual settings, characteristics and methodological approaches. Findings The findings indicate that research has evolved from examining basic automation (pre-2018) to exploring complex human–AI interactions (2018 and onward). However, gaps remain in understanding how AI can complement rather than replace human HR functions. Originality/value No other studies have conducted a comprehensive review of this topic through the TCCM lens.