Risk factors for dental caries in children

Relevance. The high prevalence of dental caries underscores the importance of identifying risk factors for its development in childhood. The objective of this study was to identify the risk factors associated with dental caries in children from key age groups. Materials and methods. The study involved parents of children aged 3 and 6 years, as well as schoolchildren aged 12 and 15 years. Caries risk factors were assessed using the World Health Organization’s oral health questionnaire. Participation was voluntary and anonymous. Results. The risk of developing dental caries in children was linked to inadequate attention to oral hygiene and dietary habits. Many children brushed their teeth only once a day, did not use fluoride toothpaste, and lacked additional oral hygiene measures. Cariogenic foods and beverages were frequently included in their diets. Most children visited the dentist less than twice a year. Preventive measures, such as fissure sealing of molars, were not commonly performed. Conclusion. A high prevalence of risk factors for dental caries was observed among children, highlighting the need for comprehensive oral health education and preventive care programs.