Green Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem Under Traffic Congestion

The transportation system has grown significantly and quickly in the past few years. This growth is natural to the development of societies, producing positive externalities that support the economic growth of the regions ‘activities, but it also brings about negative externalities, particularly congestion, which crucially raises the fuel consumption and carbon emissions of vehicles. Adding the traffic congestion factor to NP-hard multi-objective GCVRP issues increases their complexity and difficulty. This article's goal is to suggest a novel single-objective programming method for modeling the GCVRP problem.. In a novel virtual graph created by incorporating CO2 emissions and traffic congestion into actual distances, the goal is to find the quickest way Minimizing both the total distance travelled and the amount of CO2 emissions emitted along the route. Digital resolution and decision-making are facilitated by this novel modeling technique. The numerical outcomes demonstrate the model's effectiveness. Additionally, the solution quality and calculation time are significantly better.