Oxidative Stress Markers, Antioxidant Balance, and Protein Metabolism in Dogs with Acute Prostatitis

The prostate gland in dogs is highly vulnerable to the action of negative pathogens due to its structure and topography. Among the numerous etiological factors in the development of prostatitis, inflammatory processes and oxidative stress play a predominant role, regardless of whether the condition is bacterial, viral, or autoimmune in origin. This study aimed to assess protein metabolism and redox balance indicators in the prostate tissue of dogs with acute prostatitis. For biochemical analyses, prostate tissue samples were taken from 24 mixed-breed dogs, including twelve animals that were considered healthy with no abnormalities of the genitourinary system (control group) and twelve animals with newly diagnosed acute prostatitis, from which samples were obtained via biopsy (experimental group). Following homogenization and sample preparation, all biochemical parameters in the prostate tissue were determined spectrophotometrically. The results of biochemical studies in dogs with acute prostatitis demonstrated a significant increase in the content of thiobarbiturate acid-reactive compounds by 102.2% and the level of lipid hydroperoxides by 35.7% compared to healthy dogs in the control group. In contrast, the total protein content was 32.9% lower than in the control group, while reduced glutathione levels decreased by 76.5%. Similar changes to the dynamics of oxidative stress markers were indicated by the activity of antioxidant enzymes, with glutathione peroxidase and catalase activities increasing by 61.3% and 21.8%, respectively, relative to the control group. These findings indicate the presence of oxidative stress in dogs with acute prostatitis. The biochemical changes observed in prostate tissue provide a foundation for future research aimed at developing therapeutic methods that incorporate anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antioxidant agents for the treatment of acute prostatitis in dogs.