A Survey of Open-Source Autonomous Driving Systems and Their Impact on Research

Open-source autonomous driving systems (ADS) have become a cornerstone of autonomous vehicle development. By providing access to cutting-edge technology, fostering global collaboration, and accelerating innovation, these platforms are transforming the automated vehicle landscape. This survey conducts a comprehensive analysis of leading open-source ADS platforms, evaluating their functionalities, strengths, and limitations. Through an extensive literature review, the survey explores their adoption and utilization across key research domains. Additionally, it identifies emerging trends shaping the field. The main contributions of this survey include (1) a detailed overview of leading open-source platforms, highlighting their strengths and weaknesses; (2) an examination of their impact on research; and (3) a synthesis of current trends, particularly in interoperability with emerging technologies such as AI/ML solutions and edge computing. This study aims to provide researchers and practitioners with a holistic understanding of open-source ADS platforms, guiding them in selecting the right platforms for future innovation.