Sources and Use of Bicycle Traffic Data in Research and Urban Mobility Management

Understanding cycling mobility is essential for developing sustainable urban transport policies. However, variations in data collection methods and a lack of standardized approaches hinder comprehensive analysis and evidence-based decision-making. This study examines how cycling data are gathered across different cities, the insights they provide, and how existing methods can be improved. The scientific literature and policy guidelines are examined, combined with an empirical study analyzing data collection practices in several Polish cities. This paper reveals inconsistencies in data collection techniques, including differences in sensor-based tracking, manual counting, and survey methodologies. Moreover, while some cities employ advanced technologies such as automated counters, others rely on fragmented or irregular data sources. This study highlights best practices observed in international research and policy recommendations, which could guide the refinement of cycling data collection strategies. By identifying common gaps and challenges, recommendations for improving data standardization, integration, and accessibility are proposed. The results contribute to a better understanding of how cities can enhance their cycling data frameworks to support sustainable mobility planning and policy development.