The Application of Bionic Robots in Surgery

Bionic robots, leveraging biomimetic design and intelligent control systems, are reshaping surgical practices by enhancing precision and minimizing invasiveness. This paper investigates the applications, advantages, and challenges of bionic robots in surgery through a systematic literature review of studies published over the past decade. The research evaluates technical principles, clinical outcomes, and ethical considerations. Key findings include: (1) Bionic robots reduce surgical errors by 25%40% and incision sizes by 50%, accelerating postoperative recovery; (2) High costs (over $1.5 million per unit) and maintenance expenses (12%18% of hospital budgets) hinder adoption in resource-limited settings; (3) Ethical challenges, such as ambiguous liability in robotic errors and data privacy risks, necessitate global regulatory frameworks. Comparative analysis with the Da Vinci Surgical System highlights bionic robots superior flexibility (710 degrees of freedom vs. 46) and precision (0.1 mm suturing accuracy vs. 0.2 mm). The study underscores the need for interdisciplinary collaboration to address technological limitations and ethical concerns, promoting the integration of bionic robotics for equitable, advanced surgical care.