Prevalence and Determinants of Contraceptive Use and Intention among Women in Nigeria

Despite government intervention programmes and policy, contraceptive use remains lowest in sub-Saharan Africa, Nigeria inclusive. The study examines the prevalence of contraceptive use and intention. The associated factors influencing contraceptive use and intention among women are also examined. Data was explored among 41,821 women of reproductive age (15-49) years from 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey for the analysis. The study found that 11% women were using modern method, 4% were using traditional method, 34% intended to use contraceptives while 52% did not intend to use contraceptives. The chi-square analysis established a significant association (p < 0.001) between associated factors (such as age, region, education, religion, place of residence, and knowledge of any method) and contraceptive use and intention. At the multivariate level, highest odds ratios were observed among women aged 25-29 years (OR=5.38, p < 0.001, C.I:4.87-5.93); Northwest Nigeria is about 2 times more likely to use contraceptives and intend to use (OR=1.53, p < 0.001, C.I:1.41-1.65). Christian women were 17 times more likely to use contraceptive and intend than those into other religion (OR=17.24, p < 0.001, C.I:7.66-38.79). Again, women with no education are 34% less likely to use contraceptives and intend to use (OR=0.34, p < 0.001, C.I: 0.31-0.37). Women who did not have knowledge of any family planning method are 28% less likely to use contraceptive and intend than those who knew any method (OR=0.28, p < 0.001, C.I: 0.25-0.31). Women who never heard about family planning method were 63% less likely to use contraceptive and intend to use than those who have heard any method (OR=0.63, p < 0.001, C.I: 0.60-0.66). Governments at all levels should intensify efforts through awareness campaign and sensitization programs that focus on the benefits of contraceptive use and intention. Consequently, promoting maternal and child health in Nigeria.