Porphyrin-based electrospun nanomaterials for life science applications

Porphyrins are renowned for their utility in photocatalysis, electronics, sensors, solar cell dyes, and environmental remediation. However, their potential in life sciences applications remains underexplored, particularly in the context of encapsulation via electrospinning. This review examines recent advancements (2000-2025) in electrospinning techniques for encapsulating porphyrins, highlighting their unique properties, bioactivities, and versatile applications in life sciences. By combining the strengths of porphyrins and electrospinning technology, researchers can unlock transformative solutions for various life-science challenges, which include photodynamic therapy (PDT), composite materials for anti-microbial applications, sensors, and drug delivery. These efforts could push porphyrin-encapsulated materials from research concepts to applied societal solutions, addressing critical needs in healthcare and beyond to other fields.