Research on an efficient acquisition method for beidou signals based on improved short-time fourier transform

Abstract Signal acquisition is the first and most crucial stage in realizing Beidou satellite navigation. Improving the acquisition speed of Beidou B1C signals to shorten positioning time is currently one of the hot research directions in satellite navigation. In this paper, we propose a novel approach that utilizes an improved Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT) algorithm. The Beidou B1C signal data is divided into multiple time segments, which are processed in parallel with locally generated signal window functions, enhancing both the acquisition speed and output stability of Beidou B1C signals. Experimental results indicate that the improved algorithm achieves significant enhancements in acquisition speed and signal stability, with an average reduction in acquisition time of approximately 30% and a 25% improvement in signal stability in a 15 dB signal-to-noise ratio environment. Furthermore, the optimization of the window function effectively enhances time-frequency resolution, ensuring robust stability of the algorithm even in noisy environments and making it suitable for the efficient acquisition and processing of Beidou B1C signals.