Comprehensive Insights of Biochemical and Sensory Characterization in Takifugu obscurus by Environmental Modulation

This study systematically deciphers a comprehensive analysis of biochemical and sensory variations in <i>Takifugu obscurus</i>, evaluating the seasonal dynamics, salinity gradients (0 and 3‱), and nutritional regimes on quality determinants in aquaculture. To the best of our knowledge, the mechanistic links between cultivation factors and organoleptic quality were first established through integrative biochemical profiling, including proximate composition, free amino acids, taste-active nucleotides, and mineral ions, coupled with quantitative sensory evaluation. The results revealed that spring samples exhibit 44.7% higher inosine monophosphate than that of autumn and 92.8% elevated ATP, correlating with superior umami-kokumi attributes. Salinity adaptation drove metabolic trade-offs: freshwater cultivation amplified flavor-enhancing amino acids, while brackish systems prioritized ionic precision. Short-term fasting induced alanine accumulation without sensory compromise, demonstrating nutritional plasticity. Polyculture compatibility was evidenced by negligible quality divergence from monoculture, despite enhanced productivity. These insights advance sustainable aquaculture through science-driven strategies that harmonize ecological resilience, economic viability, and culinary excellence in commercial <i>Takifugu obscurus</i> production.