Theories, techniques and strategies of sustainable circular economy: a systematic literature review

This systematic literature review paper provides an extensive understanding of the circular economy and sustainability for the various manufacturing sectors. The papers were taken from Scopus and Google Scholar for this systematic review. The study utilized Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) to review 124 studies on circular economy principles, sustainability practices, and resource management, enhancing our understanding of how these models can improve sustainability goals and reduce waste. This paper explains the underlying theories, elements, techniques, technologies, and strategies that drive circular economy activities and enhance business sustainability. Key concepts integrated into the transition of circular economy strategies, drivers and challenges of sustainable practices with advanced emerging technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI), blockchain, and Internet of Things (IoT) in facilitating a circular economy. The review also identifies essential elements, such as resource availability, manpower, financial support, and government policies, which are critical for successfully implementing circular economy practices. The paper's main findings on circular economy and sustainability show increasing interest, with 73.67% of articles published between 2018 and 2024—factors like economics, ecology, and environmental impact. The study concludes with a discussion of the strategic approaches needed to transition from linear to circular models, emphasizing the importance of collaboration among businesses, governments, and stakeholders in achieving long-term sustainability goals.