Russian-Yakut, Yakut-Russian Dictionary of Terms, Concepts of Criminal Law and Procedure: Concept, structure, principles, methods

The Russian-Yakut, Yakut-Russian Dictionary of Terms and Concepts of Criminal Law and Procedure considered in this article was prepared within the framework of the State Program of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) "Preservation and Development of State and Official Languages in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) for 2020–2024" and published in 2023. The Criminal Code of the Russian Federation, the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation, the Criminal Executive Code of the Russian Federation served as the material for the formation of the dictionary's vocabulary. Also, dictionaries of legal and socio-political terms, individual procedural documents were used as a source of terms and concepts. The Dictionary contains more than 4,300 terms and terminological phrases. The aim of this article is to describe the creation of this dictionary of terms of criminal law and procedure in Russian and Yakut. The article discusses the need for such a dictionary to improve the quality of translation of regulatory legal acts between Russian and Yakut. The structure of the Dictionary, methods of forming and translating terms, as well as principles aimed at clarifying and stabilizing the terminological apparatus are described. Thus, the article pays attention to lexical-semantic, lexicalgrammatical and syntagmatic methods of forming terms. The structure of the Dictionary includes two blocks – Russian-Yakut and Yakut-Russian, a preface in both languages and a list of references. The terms are arranged in alphabetical order, with multi-component terms in Russian rendered in inverse order for ease of search. In the Yakut-Russian part, the terms are rendered in direct order due to the peculiarities of the Yakut language. A distinctive feature of the Dictionary is that in cases of the absence of direct equivalents, in addition to the descriptive method, phonetic rendering of borrowed words, translation options in the materials of the Yakut language dialects, layers of archaisms and historicisms are also considered. The Dictionary is the first experience in Yakut lexicography in creating a translation terminological dictionary devoted to a separate branch of law. This Dictionary is focused on translating not only procedural documents, but also codified normative acts, as indicated by the composition of terms included in the Dictionary. When working on the Dictionary, the authors tried to take into account all existing trends in the development of Yakut terminology, manifested in the reduction of the use of phonetically adapted words and their replacement with Yakut terms.